What term describes the process of adapting wild plants and animals for human use, providing a stable food supply and raw materials for clothing and tools?

• A. Fertile Crescent
• B. Domestication
• C. PPE
• D. Columbian Exchange

Answer: (B)

Adapting wild plants and animals for human use is domestication. It happens when humans select for traits that make species more useful—such as larger edible parts, easier harvesting, or calmer temperaments—and breed those individuals over generations. Over time, these selections change the species so it reliably provides food and raw materials like fibers for clothing or materials for tools. This is how wild grasses become crops and wild animals become dependable livestock and work animals. The Fertile Crescent is a geographic region famous for early farming, PPE refers to personal protective equipment, and the Columbian Exchange describes the broad transfer of crops, animals, and diseases between continents after contact—none describe the process of shaping wild species for human use.